Author Guidelines

BIMA — Bulletin of Intelligent Machines and Algorithms

Manuscripts submitted to BIMA (Bulletin of Intelligent Machines and Algorithms) should follow the journal's article template, author guidelines, publication ethics, and editorial policies.

Authors are expected to prepare their manuscripts carefully before submission. Manuscripts that do not meet the required formatting, structural, or submission criteria may be returned to the authors for correction before proceeding to the peer-review process.

Official Article Template

Authors are required to prepare their manuscripts using the official BIMA article template. Using the template from the beginning of manuscript preparation will help maintain consistency in page layout, typography, headings, tables, figures, and other elements of the article.

1. Page Size and Article Length

Manuscripts must be prepared using A4 paper size (210 × 297 mm) and follow the page layout provided in the official BIMA template.

Authors should ensure that the manuscript contains sufficient information to communicate the research clearly and completely. The recommended article length is 8–10 pages, including tables, figures, equations, and references, unless otherwise specified by the Editorial Team.

2. Font and Formatting

Authors must use the font, font size, paragraph spacing, line spacing, heading styles, and other formatting specifications provided in the official BIMA template.

The main text should be formatted consistently throughout the manuscript. Authors should avoid manually modifying the fundamental layout of the template unless such changes are specifically required by the Editorial Team.

3. Page Margins

Page margins, column layout, paragraph spacing, indentation, and other page-formatting requirements must follow the official BIMA article template.

Authors are strongly encouraged to write directly within the template to minimize formatting inconsistencies during the editorial and production stages.

4. Tables

Tables should meet the following requirements:

• Numbered consecutively (Table 1, Table 2, Table 3, etc.).
• Explicitly referred to in the manuscript.
• Provided with a concise and informative title.
• Presented as editable tables rather than images or screenshots.
• Formatted consistently with the official BIMA template.
• Clearly readable and sufficiently explained in the manuscript.

5. Figures

Figures, diagrams, charts, photographs, and other graphical elements should be:

• Numbered consecutively (Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3, etc.).
• Explicitly referred to in the manuscript.
• Clearly readable at the final publication size.
• Provided with an informative caption.
• Submitted in sufficient resolution and an appropriate format.

Figure captions should be placed below the corresponding figures. Figures reproduced or adapted from other sources must include an appropriate acknowledgment and citation. Authors are responsible for obtaining permission where copyrighted material requires permission for reuse.

6. Equations

Mathematical equations should be created using an editable equation editor, preferably the Microsoft Word Equation Editor, rather than being inserted as images.

Equations should be numbered consecutively where appropriate and explicitly referred to in the manuscript. Mathematical symbols, variables, parameters, and abbreviations should be clearly defined in the surrounding text.

7. References

Manuscripts should contain an adequate number of relevant and up-to-date references appropriate to the research field.

Authors are encouraged to prioritize:

• Original research articles.
• Recent peer-reviewed journal articles.
• Articles published in reputable international or national journals.
• Relevant conference proceedings.
• High-quality scholarly databases and primary research sources.

Unnecessary reliance on textbooks, non-scholarly websites, blogs, and sources that do not provide strong academic evidence should be minimized.

References should primarily reflect recent developments in the research area while retaining seminal publications when they are necessary to establish important theories, methods, algorithms, or foundational concepts.

8. Citation Style

BIMA uses the IEEE referencing style. In-text citations should be numbered consecutively according to the order in which the sources first appear in the manuscript.

Authors are encouraged to use reference-management software such as Mendeley, Zotero, or EndNote to maintain consistency between in-text citations and the reference list.

9. Reference Accuracy

Authors are responsible for the accuracy and completeness of their references. Every source cited in the manuscript must appear in the reference list, and every reference listed must be cited in the manuscript.

Authors should verify:

• Author names.
• Article or book title.
• Journal or proceedings title.
• Publication year.
• Volume and issue.
• Page range or article number.
• DOI, where available.
• Publisher or institution, where applicable.
• URL and access date for appropriate online sources.

10. Originality and Duplicate Submission

Manuscripts submitted to BIMA must be original and must not have been published previously in substantially similar form.

A manuscript submitted to BIMA must not simultaneously be under consideration by another journal or publication venue.

Authors are responsible for ensuring that their manuscripts do not contain plagiarism, duplicate publication, substantial text recycling, fabricated information, manipulated results, or other forms of academic misconduct.

BIMA may use plagiarism or similarity-detection tools as part of the editorial screening process.

11. Ethical Research and Data Integrity

Authors must ensure that their research has been conducted according to appropriate ethical and scientific standards.

Research involving human participants, personal data, animals, or other ethically sensitive materials must comply with applicable ethical requirements and institutional regulations.

Where applicable, authors should provide information concerning ethical approval, informed consent, data availability, or other relevant ethical considerations.

Authors remain responsible for ensuring that reported data, experimental results, images, and analyses are accurate and have not been fabricated or improperly manipulated.

12. Submission

Manuscripts must be submitted through the BIMA online submission system. Authors should register an account or log in to an existing account before submitting a manuscript.

Before completing a submission, authors should check the following metadata:

• Article title.
• Author names.
• Affiliations.
• Email addresses.
• ORCID identifiers, where available.
• Abstract.
• Keywords.
• References.
• Corresponding author information.

Manuscript Structure

The following structure is recommended to ensure that the manuscript presents the research clearly and systematically.

1. Title

The title should be concise, informative, specific, and representative of the main content of the research. It should communicate the principal research topic, method, approach, or contribution where appropriate.

Authors should:

• Avoid unnecessary words.
• Avoid unexplained abbreviations.
• Avoid overly broad titles.
• Avoid excessive technical terminology when a clearer expression is possible.
• Avoid including the research location unless it is scientifically relevant.

The title should follow the typography and formatting specified in the official BIMA template.

2. Author Names and Affiliations

Author names should be written in full without academic or professional titles. For each author, provide:

• Full name.
• Institutional affiliation.
• Department or program, where applicable.
• City and country.
• Institutional email address.
• ORCID identifier, where available.

Superscript numbers should be used to associate authors with their respective affiliations. The corresponding author should be clearly identified.

The author list must accurately represent individuals who have made substantial contributions to the research and manuscript.

3. Abstract

The abstract should be concise, informative, and representative of the entire article. It should generally cover:

• Research background or problem.
• Research objective.
• Method or approach.
• Main results.
• Principal conclusion or implication.

The abstract should be written as a single coherent paragraph and should not contain references, tables, figures, unnecessary abbreviations, or extensive methodological details.

4. Keywords

Authors should provide at least five keywords representing the principal concepts of the article.

Keywords should:

• Be relevant to the research topic.
• Avoid unnecessary repetition of words already forming the title.
• Use commonly recognized academic terminology.
• Be separated by commas.

5. Introduction

The Introduction should establish the scientific context and rationale of the research. It should normally address:

• Research background and problem context.
• Relevant scientific literature.
• Current state of research.
• Research gap.
• Motivation for the study.
• Research objective.
• Novelty and/or contribution of the study.

Previous studies should be discussed critically rather than merely listed or summarized. The research gap should be established from the literature and followed by a clear explanation of how the current study addresses that gap.

6. Materials and Methods

The Materials and Methods section should provide enough information for readers to understand, evaluate, and, where reasonably possible, reproduce the research.

Depending on the research design, this section may include:

• Research design.
• Research framework.
• Dataset or data sources.
• Research objects or subjects.
• Data collection procedures.
• Data preprocessing.
• Experimental configuration.
• Algorithms or computational methods.
• Model architecture.
• Hyperparameters.
• Evaluation metrics.
• Statistical methods.
• Baseline methods.
• Experimental scenarios.
• Hardware and software environment where relevant.

For artificial intelligence, machine learning, and computational studies, authors should provide sufficient information about datasets, preprocessing, model configuration, training procedures, validation strategies, experimental settings, and evaluation metrics.

Established methods may be described briefly with appropriate citations. New or modified methods should be explained sufficiently to establish their scientific contribution and reproducibility.

7. Results and Discussion

The Results and Discussion section should present and interpret the findings in relation to the research objectives, questions, or hypotheses.

Results may be presented using:

• Tables.
• Figures.
• Graphs.
• Statistical analyses.
• Performance metrics.
• Comparative experiments.

The discussion should go beyond reporting numerical results. Authors should explain what the results mean, why they occurred, how they compare with previous studies, whether they support or contradict earlier findings, and what scientific or practical implications can be drawn.

For experimental AI and machine learning studies, authors are encouraged to provide suitable baseline comparisons, ablation studies, statistical analysis, or other evidence supporting the validity of the proposed approach where applicable.

8. Conclusion

The Conclusion should summarize the principal findings and directly address the research objectives or research questions.

The conclusion should:

• Present the main scientific findings.
• Highlight the principal contribution.
• Avoid simply repeating the Results and Discussion.
• Avoid introducing new results that have not been discussed previously.

Where appropriate, the conclusion may include research implications, limitations, and recommendations for future research.

9. Declaration of AI Use

Authors must disclose the use of generative artificial intelligence tools in manuscript preparation in accordance with BIMA's applicable AI-use policy.

Where generative AI tools have been used, authors should identify:

• The AI tool or system used.
• The purpose for which it was used.
• The relevant stage of manuscript preparation.

Authors remain fully responsible for the accuracy, originality, integrity, and scientific validity of their manuscript.

10. Author Contributions

Each manuscript should include an Author Contributions statement describing the contribution of each author. Authors are encouraged to use the CRediT (Contributor Roles Taxonomy).

Possible contribution roles include:

• Conceptualization.
• Methodology.
• Software.
• Validation.
• Formal analysis.
• Investigation.
• Resources.
• Data curation.
• Writing – original draft.
• Writing – review and editing.
• Visualization.
• Supervision.
• Project administration.
• Funding acquisition.

11. Acknowledgments

The Acknowledgments section is optional. Authors may acknowledge individuals, institutions, laboratories, organizations, or other parties that provided assistance, facilities, technical support, administrative support, or other contributions that do not meet the criteria for authorship.

12. Funding

Authors must disclose all sources of financial support for the research. Where applicable, the statement should identify the funding agency or institution, grant or project number, and other relevant funding information.

If the research received no specific financial support, authors should provide an appropriate statement indicating that no specific funding was received.

13. Conflict of Interest Statement

Authors must disclose any actual or potential conflict of interest that could influence the research, analysis, manuscript preparation, or publication process.

14. Data Availability

Where applicable, authors are encouraged to provide information regarding the availability of datasets, source code, experimental materials, or other resources needed to support the reported findings.

When data cannot be publicly shared because of privacy, confidentiality, licensing, security, or other legitimate restrictions, authors should clearly state the applicable restrictions.

For publicly available datasets, authors should provide the dataset name, repository, DOI, or URL where possible.

15. References

The reference list should contain only sources cited in the manuscript and must follow the IEEE referencing style.

• Every citation must have a corresponding reference.
• Every listed reference must be cited in the manuscript.
• Reference numbering follows the order of first citation.
• Bibliographic information must be accurate.
• DOI information should be verified where available.
• References should be formatted consistently.

Authors are strongly encouraged to use reference-management software such as Mendeley, Zotero, or EndNote.

Reference Writing Instructions

All references should be prepared consistently according to the IEEE referencing style.

1. Journal Articles

Example:

2. Conference Proceedings

3. Books

4. Book Chapters

5. Theses and Dissertations

6. Official Documents and Reports

7. Websites and Online Sources

Authors should prioritize authoritative institutional or organizational sources when citing online materials.

8. Dataset and Software References

For datasets, software packages, repositories, and computational resources, authors should provide enough information to allow readers to identify and access the cited resource.

Where available, provide:

• Creator or organization.
• Resource title.
• Version.
• Repository or platform.
• Publication year.
• DOI.
• Direct URL.

Authors should cite the original dataset or software publication when a formal citation is available.

Final Manuscript Checklist

Before submitting to BIMA, authors are encouraged to review each item below.

☐ The manuscript follows the official BIMA template.

☐ The manuscript falls within the recommended article length.

☐ The title accurately represents the research.

☐ All authors and affiliations are correctly provided.

☐ The corresponding author is clearly identified.

☐ The abstract meets the journal requirements.

☐ At least five relevant keywords are provided.

☐ The research gap and contribution are clearly stated.

☐ The methodology is sufficiently detailed and reproducible.

☐ Results are clearly presented and appropriately discussed.

☐ All tables and figures are numbered and cited in the manuscript.

☐ All equations remain editable.

☐ References follow the IEEE style.

☐ All citations correspond to entries in the reference list.

☐ All references in the reference list are cited in the manuscript.

☐ DOI information has been verified.

☐ The manuscript is original and is not under simultaneous consideration elsewhere.

☐ Any use of generative AI has been appropriately disclosed.

☐ Author contributions have been declared.

☐ Funding information has been provided.

☐ Conflict of interest has been declared.

☐ Data availability information has been provided where applicable.

☐ The manuscript has been carefully proofread before submission.

☐ The submission metadata in the BIMA online submission system are complete and accurate.

Important Notice

Submission of a manuscript to BIMA indicates that the authors have read and agree to comply with the journal's Author Guidelines, Publication Ethics, Peer-Review Policy, Copyright and Licensing Policy, and other applicable journal policies.

Failure to comply with the journal's requirements may result in the manuscript being returned to the authors for correction, delayed in the editorial process, or rejected during editorial screening.

Authors are responsible for ensuring that all information submitted to BIMA is accurate, original, ethical, and scientifically sound.